Transcatheter arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization for advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction.

Background: Obstruction is a common complication of advanced colorectal cancer. This study was aimed at investigating the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of transcatheter arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization for treating advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction. Patients and methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data of patients with advanced colorectal cancer who received arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization treatment at our center. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in terms of obstruction-free survival and overall survival, and treatment complications were monitored. Results: Fifty-four patients with colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction were included. All patients successfully underwent transcatheter arterial infusion combined with lipiodol chemoembolization treatment. The average lipiodol dose administered was 2.62 ± 1.45 ml (0.5-5.5 ml). No serious complications such as perforation or tumor dissemination occurred. The clinical success rate was 83.3% (45/54). One month after treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 66.67% and 88.9%, respectively. The median obstruction-free survival was 5.0 months. No serious adverse events occurred. As of the last follow-up, 6 patients survived, 44 died, and 4 were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with lipiodol chemoembolization is safe and effective for treating advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction. It may serve as a new treatment strategy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer complicated by obstruction.

Functional trait-based phytoplankton biomass and assemblage analyses in the pre-growing season for comprehensive algal bloom risk assessment.

Algal bloom (AB) risk assessment is critical for maintaining ecosystem health and human sustainability. Previous AB risk assessments have focused on the potential occurrence of ABs and related factors in the growing season, whereas their hazards, especially in the pre-growing season, have attracted less attention. Here, we performed a comprehensive AB risk assessment, including water trophic levels, phytoplankton biomass, functional trait-based assemblages, and related environmental factors, in the pre-growing season in Dongting Lake, China. Although mesotrophic water and low phytoplankton biomass suggested low AB potential, toxic taxa, which constituted 13.28% of the phytoplankton biomass, indicated non-negligible AB hazards. NH4+ and water temperature were key factors affecting phytoplankton motility and toxicity. Our study establishes a new paradigm for quantitative AB risk assessment, including both potential AB occurrence and hazards. We emphasize the importance of phytoplankton functional traits for early AB warning and NH4+ reduction for AB control in the pre-growing season.

High correlated color temperature artificial lighting impairs retinal pigment epithelium integrity and chloride ion transport: A potential mechanism for choroidal thinning.

Among the environmental factors contributing to myopia, the role of correlated color temperature (CCT) of ambient light emerges as a key element warranting in-depth investigation. The choroid, a highly vascularized and dynamic structure, often undergoes thinning during the progression of myopia, though the precise mechanism remains elusive. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the outermost layer of the retina, plays a pivotal role in regulating the transport of ion and fluid between the subretinal space and the choroid. A hypothesis suggests that variations in choroidal thickness (ChT) may be modulated by transepithelial fluid movement across the RPE. Our experimental results demonstrate that high CCT illumination significantly compromised the integrity of tight junctions in the RPE and disrupted chloride ion transport. This functional impairment of the RPE may lead to a reduction in fluid transfer across the RPE, consequently resulting in choroidal thinning and potentially accelerating axial elongation. Our findings provide support for the crucial role of the RPE in regulating ChT. Furthermore, we emphasize the potential hazards posed by high CCT artificial illumination on the RPE, the choroid, and refractive development, underscoring the importance of developing eye-friendly artificial light sources to aid in the prevention and control of myopia.

Genome­wide analysis of the MYB gene family in pumpkin.

The MYB gene family exerts significant influence over various biological processes and stress responses in plants. Despite this, a comprehensive analysis of this gene family in pumpkin remains absent. In this study, the MYB genes of Cucurbita moschata were identified and clustered into 33 groups (C1-33), with members of each group being highly conserved in terms of their motif composition. Furthermore, the distribution of 175 CmoMYB genes across all 20 chromosomes was found to be non-uniform. Examination of the promoter regions of these genes revealed the presence of cis-acting elements associated with phytohormone responses and abiotic/biotic stress. Utilizing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the expression patterns of 13 selected CmoMYB genes were validated, particularly in response to exogenous phytohormone exposure and various abiotic stressors, including ABA, SA, MeJA, and drought treatments. Expression analysis in different tissues showed that CmoMYB genes are expressed at different levels in different tissues, suggesting that they are functionally divergent in regulating growth and abiotic stresses. These results provide a basis for future studies to characterize the function of the MYB gene family under abiotic stresses in pumpkins.

Bibliometric and visualization analysis of risk management in the doctor-patient relationship: A systematic quantitative literature review.

OBJECTIVES: This paper analyzed the research on risk management in the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) based on a systematic quantitative literature review approach using bibliometric software. It aims to uncover potential information about current research and predict future research hotspots and trends. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant publications in the Scopus database and the Web of Science Core Collection database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2023. We analyzed the data using CiteSpace 6.2.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.19 software to examine the annual number of publications, countries/regions, journals, citations, authors, and keywords in the field. RESULTS: A total of 553 articles and reviews that met the criteria were included in this study. There is an overall upward trend in the number of publications issued; in terms of countries/regions, the United States and the United Kingdom are the largest contributors; Patient Education and Counseling is the most productive journal (17); Physician communication and patient adherence to treatment: a meta-analysis is the most cited article (1637); the field has not yet to form a stable and obvious core team; the analysis of high-frequency keywords revealed four main research directions: the causes of DPR risks, coping strategies, measurement tools, and research related to people prone to doctor-patient risk characteristics; the causes of DPR risks, coping strategies, measurement tools, and research related to people prone to doctor-patient risk characteristics; the keyword burst analysis revealed several shifts in the research hotspots for risk management in the DPR, suggesting that chronic disease management, is a future research direction for the continued development of risk management in the DPR. CONCLUSIONS: The visualization analysis of risk management literature in the DPR using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software provides insights into the current research status and highlights future research directions.

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of different doses of LT4 in pregnant women with high-normal TSH levels and TPOAb positivity in the first half of pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: The objective was to investigate the efficacy of different doses of levothyroxine therapy among pregnant women exhibiting high-normal thyroid stimulating hormone levels and positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies throughout the first half of pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women exhibiting high-normal thyroid stimulating hormone levels and thyroid peroxidase antibodies positivity throughout the initial half of pregnancy were selected from January 2021 to September 2023. Based on the different doses of levothyroxine, the pregnant women were categorized into the nonintervention group (G0, 122 women), 25 µg levothyroxine intervention group (G25, 69 women), and 50 µg levothyroxine intervention group (G50, 58 women). Serum parameters, gastrointestinal symptoms, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared after the intervention among the three groups. RESULTS: After the intervention, in the G25 and G50 groups, the thyroid stimulating hormone, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels were notably less in contrast to those in the G0 group (P < 0.05). The rates of abdominal distension and SIBO in the G25 and G50 groups were notably lower in contrast to the G0 group (P = 0.043 and 0.040, respectively). The G50 group had a lower rate of spontaneous abortion and premature membrane rupture than the G0 group (P = 0.01 and 0.015, respectively). Before 11+ 2 weeks of gestation and at thyroid peroxidase antibodies levels ≥ 117 IU/mL, in contrast to the G0 group, the G50 group experienced a decreased rate of spontaneous abortion (P = 0.008). The G50 group had significantly higher newborn weight than the G0 group (P = 0.014), as well as a notably longer newborn length than the G0 and G25 groups (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: For pregnant women with high-normal thyroid stimulating hormone levels and thyroid peroxidase antibodies positive during the first half of pregnancy, supplementation with 50 µg levothyroxine was more effective in improving their blood lipid status and gastrointestinal symptoms, reducing the incidence of SIBO and premature rupture of membranes, and before 11+2 weeks, TPOAb ≥ 117 IU/mL proved more beneficial in mitigating the risk of spontaneous abortion.

Ferroptosis-Related lncRNA to Predict the Clinical Outcomes and Molecular Characteristics of Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma.

Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) is a highly heterogeneous type of kidney cancer, resulting in limited effective prognostic targets for KIRP patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in the regulation of ferroptosis and iron metabolism, making them potential targets for the treatment and prognosis of KIRP. In this study, we constructed a ferroptosis-related lncRNA risk score model (FRM) based on the TCGA-KIRP dataset, which represents a novel subtype of KIRP not previously reported. The model demonstrated promising diagnostic accuracy and holds potential for clinical translation. We observed significant differences in metabolic activities, immune microenvironment, mutation landscape, ferroptosis sensitivity, and drug sensitivity between different risk groups. The high-risk groups exhibit significantly higher fractions of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), and pericytes. Drugs (IC50) analysis provided a range of medication options based on different FRM typing. Additionally, we employed single-cell transcriptomics to further analyze the impact of immune invasion on the occurrence and development of KIRP. Overall, we have developed an accurate prognostic model based on the expression patterns of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs for KIRP. This model has the potential to contribute to the evaluation of patient prognosis, molecular characteristics, and treatment modalities, and can be further translated into clinical applications.

CRISPR/Cas13a-triggered entropy-driven amplification for colorimetric and fluorescent dual-mode detection of microRNA.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of disease progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Herein, we have devised a method for detecting miRNA using a combination of colorimetric and graphene oxide-based fluorescent techniques. The target miRNA in our design could precisely activate the trans-cleavage activity of the CRISPR-Cas13a system. The activated Cas13a enzyme cuts the "rUrU" section in the P1 probe, generating a nicking site to induce entropy-driven amplification (EDA). One of the available EDA products has the capability to unfold the hairpin probe, thereby initiating the catalytic hairpin assembly, exposing the G-quadruplex structure, facilitating the subsequent color response. The fuel strand labeled with Cy3 successfully established a double-stranded DNA structure with DNA3, and consequently the Cy3 would not be quenched by graphene oxide (GO). The implementation of the dual-mode technique in this method yields greater benefits in terms of improving the precision and consistency of the miRNA measurements. The developed method has the capability to fluorescently measure miRNA-21 levels down to a concentration of 5.8 fM. In addition, the analysis of miRNA targets from clinical samples using this method demonstrates its promising utility in the fields of biomedical research of COPD.

Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Isoniazid: Parametric Population Pharmacokinetics Model Repository.

Introduction: Isoniazid (INH) is a crucial first-line anti tuberculosis (TB) drug used in adults and children. However, various factors can alter its pharmacokinetics (PK). This article aims to establish a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) models repository of INH to facilitate clinical use. Methods: A literature search was conducted until August 23, 2022, using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. We excluded published popPK studies that did not provide full model parameters or used a non-parametric method. Monte Carlo simulation works was based on RxODE. The popPK models repository was established using R. Non-compartment analysis was based on IQnca. Results: Fourteen studies included in the repository, with eleven studies conducted in adults, three studies in children, one in pregnant women. Two-compartment with allometric scaling models were commonly used as structural models. NAT2 acetylator phenotype significantly affecting the apparent clearance (CL). Moreover, postmenstrual age (PMA) influenced the CL in pediatric patients. Monte Carlo simulation results showed that the geometric mean ratio (95% Confidence Interval, CI) of PK parameters in most studies were within the acceptable range (50.00-200.00%), pregnant patients showed a lower exposure. After a standard treatment strategy, there was a notable exposure reduction in the patients with the NAT2 RA or nonSA (IA/RA) phenotype, resulting in a 59.5% decrease in AUC0-24 and 83.2% decrease in Cmax (Infants), and a 49.3% reduction in AUC0-24 and 73.5% reduction in Cmax (Adults). Discussion: Body weight and NAT2 acetylator phenotype are the most significant factors affecting the exposure of INH. PMA is a crucial factor in the pediatric population. Clinicians should consider these factors when implementing model-informed precision dosing of INH. The popPK model repository for INH will aid in optimizing treatment and enhancing patient outcomes.

Effects of Leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma and Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma on cartilage in a rabbit osteoarthritis model.

Osteoarthritis is a prevalent chronic disease. One of its primary pathological processes involves the degeneration of articular cartilage. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains cytokines and growth factors that can stimulate the repair and regeneration of articular cartilage tissues. PRP may also slow the progression of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the efficacy of Leukocyte poor (LP) - PRP and Leukocyte rich (LR) - PRP in treating rabbit osteoarthritis and to investigate their mechanisms of action. Analyzing the impact of leukocytes on PRP therapeutic effectiveness will provide a valuable clinical reference for the choice of which PRP is better for the treatment of osteoarthritis. A rabbit osteoarthritis model was established by injecting papain into the knee joint cavity, and LP-PRP and LR-PRP were prepared through different centrifugation methods for injection into the knee joint cavity. Eight weeks after injection, rabbit knee cartilage specimens were observed for gross changes, HE staining, senna O-solid green staining, and immunohistochemistry of type II collagen and were quantitatively compared using Pelletier's score, Mankin's pathology score, and ImageJ image processing software. Injection of papain into the knee joint cavity successfully established a rabbit model of osteoarthritis. All three evaluation indexes differed significantly from those of the blank group (P<0.05). LP-PRP and LR-PRP exhibited therapeutic effects when compared with the model group. The two PRP groups had similar gross tissue appearance and pathology (P>0.05). The LR-PRP group had higher collagen type-II expression (P < 0.05) than the LP-PRP group. Both LP-PRP and LR-PRP proved therapeutic for the rabbit papain osteoarthritis model. The difference in leukocyte content between the two groups did not yield different cartilage morphology or other factors by 8 weeks posttreatment. LR-PRP displayed the ability to release more factors relevant to the metabolism of type II collagen than LP-PRP, enabling the preservation of into cartilage collagen content of type II collagen and delaying osteoarthritis progression.

Subject-Independent Emotion Recognition Based on EEG Frequency Band Features and Self-Adaptive Graph Construction.

Emotion is one of the most important higher cognitive functions of the human brain and plays an important role in transaction processing and decisions. In traditional emotion recognition studies, the frequency band features in EEG signals have been shown to have a high correlation with emotion production. However, traditional emotion recognition methods cannot satisfactorily solve the problem of individual differences in subjects and data heterogeneity in EEG, and subject-independent emotion recognition based on EEG signals has attracted extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, we propose a subject-independent emotion recognition model based on adaptive extraction of layer structure based on frequency bands (BFE-Net), which is adaptive in extracting EEG map features through the multi-graphic layer construction module to obtain a frequency band-based multi-graphic layer emotion representation. To evaluate the performance of the model in subject-independent emotion recognition studies, extensive experiments are conducted on two public datasets including SEED and SEED-IV. The experimental results show that in most experimental settings, our model has a more advanced performance than the existing studies of the same type. In addition, the visualization of brain connectivity patterns reveals that some of the findings are consistent with previous neuroscientific validations, further validating the model in subject-independent emotion recognition studies.

Contamination and Control of Mycotoxins in Grain and Oil Crops.

Mycotoxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic toxic compounds produced by some filamentous fungi, which are extremely harmful to corn, rice, wheat, peanut, soybean, rapeseed and other grain and oil crops, and seriously threaten environmental safety, food safety and human health. With the rapid increase in the global population and the expansion of the main crop planting area, mycotoxin contamination has increased year by year in agricultural products. The current review aimed to summarize the contamination status and harmful effects of major mycotoxins of grain and oil crops and the environmental factors that impact mycotoxin contamination. Further, control measures of mycotoxin contamination, especially the biological control strategies, were discussed.

[Research progress of trace amine-associated receptor 1 signaling pathways].

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a classical type of G-protein-coupled receptor, which is widely distributed in the brain of mammals, especially in the limbic system and the region rich in monoaminergic neurons, and it is a highly conserved TAAR subtype in all species. TAAR1 can specifically respond to endogenous trace amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, and plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms involving the dysregulation of monoamine system and glutamate system leading to mental disorders. In addition, TAAR1 modulator can act on inwardly rectifying potassium channels and regulate synaptic transmission and neuronal activity. According to the latest research findings, TAAR1 exerts a series of functions by regulating signal pathways and substrate phosphorylation, which is related to emotion, cognition, fear and addiction. Therefore, we conducted a detailed review of relevant studies on the TAAR1 signaling pathways, aiming at revealing the great potential of TAAR1 as a new target for drug treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Willingness to purchase institutionalised elderly services and influencing factors among Chinese older adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: In view of the serious ageing of China's population and the low desire of elderly people to purchase institutionalised elderly care services, we explored the willingness of Chinese elderly people to purchase institutionalised elderly care services and its influencing factors. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. Three multivariate logistic regression analysis models of the willingness of elderly people to purchase institutionalised elderly care services were established (model 1: 'reluctance - willingness'; model 2: 'reluctance - hesitation'; and model 3: 'hesitation - willingness') to explore the factors that influence elderly people's willingness to purchase institutionalised elderly care services. SETTING: This study was based on the 2022 Psychology and Behaviour Investigation of Chinese Residents database. PARTICIPANTS: Research data from 4123 older adults who met the requirements of this study were screened from the database. RESULTS: Of the 4123 respondents, roughly equal numbers had negative and positive attitudes towards purchasing institutionalised senior care services (1125, 27.3% vs 1079, 26.2%, respectively), and 1919 (46.5%) had hesitant attitudes. The analysis of model 1 showed that medical insurance participation, the number of children and siblings, chronic diseases and per capita monthly household income had an influential effect on the willingness of elderly people to purchase institutional care. In model 2, we found that factors such as per capita monthly household income and anxiety led to hesitancy among older adults to purchase institutionalised senior care services. In model 3, we further found that social support and health literacy led to a shift from hesitation to willingness to purchase institutionalised elderly care services. CONCLUSION: The number of children, number of siblings, per capita monthly income of the family, medical insurance participation, health status, health literacy and social support were found to be the main factors influencing the purchase of institutionalised care by elderly individuals.

A label-free aptasensing method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen by using dumbbell probe-mediated circle-to-circle amplification.

Controlling the spread of pathogen requires an efficient and accurate diagnosis. Compared with nucleic acid and antibody detection, antigen assays are more convenient to meet clinical diagnostic needs. However, antigen detection is often difficult to achieve high sensitivity in a limited time. In this work, a novel aptasensing method was designed for the purpose of SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection, using a dumbbell padlock probe-mediated circle-to-circle amplification (C2CA) approach. A sandwich complex of antibody-antigen-aptamer is first formed on the magnetic beads. Afterwards, the signal is amplified by a C2CA reaction involving two tandem rolling circle amplifications. Without special instruments or nanomaterials, a detection limit of 575 fg/mL for S1 protein can be achieved in less than 2 h. In the case of the spike pseudovirus SARS-CoV-2 in artificial saliva, the detection limit is 272 TU/µL, which is much lower than average viral load in patients. Therefore, our method provides a timely, efficient and accurate approach for the clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. It also opens up the application of C2CA in aptamer sensing and antigen detection.

Co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and triclosan induces synergistic cytotoxicity in human KGN granulosa cells by promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation.

In recent years, nanoplastics (NPs) and triclosan (TCS, a pharmaceutical and personal care product) have emerged as environmental pollution issues, and their combined presence has raised widespread concern regarding potential risks to organisms. However, the combined toxicity and mechanisms of NPs and TCS remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of polystyrene NPs and TCS and their mechanisms on KGN cells, a human ovarian granulosa cell line. We exposed KGN cells to NPs (150 µg/mL) and TCS (15 µM) alone or together for 24 hours. Co-exposure significantly reduced cell viability. Compared with exposure to NPs or TCS alone, co-exposure increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Interestingly, co-exposure to NPs and TCS produced synergistic effects. We examined the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), two antioxidant enzymes; it was significantly decreased after co-exposure. We also noted an increase in the lipid oxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) after co-exposure. Furthermore, co-exposure to NPs and TCS had a more detrimental effect on mitochondrial function than the individual treatments. Co-exposure activated the NRF2-KEAP1-HO-1 antioxidant stress pathway. Surprisingly, the expression of SESTRIN2, an antioxidant protein, was inhibited by co-exposure treatments. Co-exposure to NPs and TCS significantly increased the autophagy-related proteins LC3B-II and LC3B-Ⅰ and decreased P62. Moreover, co-exposure enhanced CASPASE-3 expression and inhibited the BCL-2/BAX ratio. In summary, our study revealed the synergistic toxic effects of NPs and TCS in vitro exposure. Our findings provide insight into the toxic mechanisms associated with co-exposure to NPs and TCS to KGN cells by inducing oxidative stress, activations of the NRF2-KEAP1-HO-1 pathway, autophagy, and apoptosis.

Fluoxetine reverses early-life stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and region-specific alterations of monoamine transporters in female mice.

The sex difference that females are more vulnerable to depression than males has been recently replicated in an animal model of early-life stress (ES) called the limited bedding and nesting material (LBN) paradigm. Adopting this animal model, we have previously examined the effects of ES on monoamine transporter (MATs) expression in stress-related regions in adult female mice, and the reversal effects of a novel multimodal antidepressant, vortioxetine. In this study, replacing vortioxetine with a classical antidepressant, fluoxetine, we aimed to replicate the ES effects in adult female mice and to elucidate the commonality and differences between fluoxetine and vortioxetine. We found that systemic 30-day treatment with fluoxetine successfully reversed ES-induced depression-like behaviors (especially sucrose preference) in adult female mice. At the molecular level, we largely replicated the ES effects, such as reduced serotonin transporter (SERT) expression in the amygdala and increased norepinephrine transporter (NET) expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus. Similar reversal effects of fluoxetine and vortioxetine were observed, including SERT in the amygdala and NET in the mPFC, whereas different reversal effects were observed for NET in the hippocampus and vesicular monoamine transporters expression in the nucleus accumbens. Overall, these results demonstrate the validity of the LBN paradigm to induce depression-like behaviors in female mice, highlight the involvement of region-specific MATs in ES-induced depression-like behaviors, and provide insights for further investigation of neurobiological mechanisms, treatment, and prevention associated with depression in women.

Polarized Ultrathin BN Induced Dynamic Electron Interactions for Enhancing Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

Developing ruthenium-based heterogeneous catalysts with an efficient and stable interface is essential for enhanced acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report a defect-rich ultrathin boron nitride nanosheet support with relatively independent electron donor and acceptor sites, which serves as an electron reservoir and receiving station for RuO2, realizing the rapid supply and reception of electrons. Through precisely controlling the reaction interface, a low OER overpotential of only 180 mV (at 10 mA cm-2) and long-term operational stability (350 h) are achieved, suggesting potential practical applications. In situ characterization and theoretical calculations have validated the existence of a localized electronic recycling between RuO2 and ultrathin BN nanosheets (BNNS). The electron-rich Ru sites accelerate the adsorption of water molecules and the dissociation of intermediates, while the interconnection between the O-terminal and B-terminal edge establishes electronic back-donation, effectively suppressing the over-oxidation of lattice oxygen. This study provides a new perspective for constructing a stable and highly active catalytic interface.

[Study of centrifuge conditions for preparing rabbit leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma by single centrifugation].

Objective: To explore the best centrifuge condition for preparing rabbit leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) by using single centrifugation method. Methods: Sixteen healthy New Zealand rabbits, aged 3-4 months, were utilized in the investigation. A total of 15 mL anticoagulated blood was extracted from the central ear artery of each rabbit, with a repeat of the blood collection procedure after 1 and 2 months. The obtained blood specimens were individually subjected to centrifugation at a radius of 16.7 cm and speeds of 1 200, 1 300, 1 400, and 1 500 r/min (equivalent to centrifugal forces of 269× g, 315× g, 365× g, and 420× g) for durations of 2, 3, 4, and 5 minutes, resulting in a total of 16 groups. Following centrifugation, collect plasma from each group to a distance of 1.5 mL from the separation plane. The volumes, platelet enrichment coefficient, and platelet recovery rates of LP-PRP in each group, under varying centrifugation conditions, were methodically computed and subsequently compared. Results: The volume of LP-PRP obtained under all centrifugation conditions ranged from 1.8 to 7.6 mL. At a consistent centrifugal speed, an extension of centrifugation time leaded to a significant increase in the volume of LP-PRP, accompanied by a declining trend in the platelet enrichment coefficient of LP-PRP. When centrifuged for 2 minutes, the volume of LP-PRP at speeds of 1 200 and 1 300 r/min was less than 2.0 mL, while the volume of LP-PRP obtained under other conditions was more than 2.0 mL. When centrifuged for 4 and 5 minutes, the volume of LP-PRP obtained at each speed was more than 4 mL. LP-PRP with a platelet enrichment coefficient more than 2.0 could be prepared by centrifuging at 1 200 r/min for each time group and 1 300 r/min for 2 and 3 minutes, and the highest LP-PRP platelet enrichment coefficient could be obtained by centrifugation for 2 minutes at a speed of 1 200 r/min. The platelet recovery rates of LP-PRP obtained by centrifugation at 1 200 r/min for 4 and 5 minutes, as well as centrifugation at 1 400 r/min for 5 minutes, were both greater than 60%. There was no significant difference between the groups when centrifuged at 1 200 r/min for 4 and 5 minutes ( P>0.05). Conclusion: In the process of preparing rabbit LP-PRP using a single centrifugation method, collecting 15 mL of blood and centrifuging at a radius of 16.7 cm and speed of 1 200 r/min for 4 minutes can prepare LP-PRP with a volume exceeding 2.0 mL, platelet enrichment coefficient exceeding 2.0, and platelet recovery rate exceeding 60%. This centrifugal condition can achieve the optimal LP-PRP action parameters in the shortest possible time.

Genetic polymorphism in HTR2A rs6313 is associated with internet addiction disorder.

Introduction: Internet addiction disorder (IAD) has grown into public health concern of global proportions. Previous studies have indicated that individuals with IAD may exhibit altered levels of serotonin and dopamine, which are known to play crucial roles in depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and addiction. Therefore, polymorphisms in the receptors that mediate the effects of serotonin and dopamine and affect their functional states as well as their activities are suspect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between IAD and rs6313 (T102C) polymorphism in the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) gene, (HTR2A). Methods: Twenty patients with IAD and twenty healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Barratt Impulse Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to assess the severity of internet addiction, mental status, impulsive traits, sleep quality, and social support. Genotyping was performed to identify rs6313 polymorphisms in the HTR2A gene of all participants. Results: The frequencies of the C and T alleles of HTR2A T102C were 28% and 72% in the IAD group and 53% and 47% in the HCs group, respectively, indicating that the differences between these two groups were significant. No significant difference was observed in the distribution of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of HTR2A gene T102C between the IAD and the HCs groups. Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of the frequencies of the HTR2A gene T102C CC and CT+TT genotypes between the two groups. However, the distribution between the TT and CC+CT genotypes showed an apparent statistical difference in the HTR2A gene T102C between the two groups. Correlation analysis indicated that the IAT score was positively correlated with the Y-BOCS and BIS scores for the CC+CT genotype in patients with IAD. Moreover, the IAT score was positively correlated with the PSQI score in patients with IAD carrying the TT genotype. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that rs6313 in HTR2A is associated with IAD, and that the T allele of rs6313 in HTR2A may be a risk factor for IAD.